Ifaneleka ezikhungweni zocwaningo lwesayensi, izikhungo ze-elekthronikhi, zamakhemikhali, ezemithi kanye nezinye ezihlobene nezimboni, amalabhorethri, iziteshi zegazi, izibhedlela, izikhungo zokulawula izifo nokuvimbela kanye nezikhungo zezokwelapha.Iziqukathi ezifanele ukugcina nokugcina izikhwama zegazi zisebenza, amasampula ezinto eziphilayo, izinto eziphilayo, imithi yokugoma kanye nama-reagents njengezibonelo ezibalulekile.