Ithangi lokugcina i-ammonia eliwuketshezi
I-ammonia ewuketshezi ifakiwe ohlwini lwamakhemikhali ayingozi ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezivuthayo, eziqhumayo, nezinobuthi. Ngokusho kwe-“Ukuhlonza Imithombo Eyingozi Emikhulu Yamakhemikhali Ayingozi” (GB18218-2009), umthamo wokugcina i-ammonia obalulekile ongaphezu kwamathani ayi-10*** wakha umthombo omkhulu wengozi. Wonke amathangi okugcina i-ammonia ewuketshezi ahlukaniswa njengezinhlobo ezintathu zemikhumbi yokucindezela. Manje hlaziya izici nezingozi eziyingozi ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa nokusebenza kwethangi lokugcina i-ammonia ewuketshezi, bese uphakamisa ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela neziphuthumayo zokugwema izingozi.
Ukuhlaziywa kwengozi yethangi lokugcina i-ammonia eliwuketshezi ngesikhathi sokusebenza
Izakhiwo eziyingozi ze-ammonia
I-Ammonia iyigesi engenambala futhi esobala enephunga elimnandi, elincibilika kalula libe yi-ammonia ewuketshezi. I-Ammonia ilula kunomoya futhi incibilika kalula emanzini. Njengoba i-ammonia ewuketshezi ishintshashintsha kalula ibe yigesi ye-ammonia, lapho i-ammonia nomoya kuxutshwa ngesilinganiso esithile, ingavezwa emalangabini avulekile, ububanzi obukhulu bungu-15-27%, emoyeni ozungezile we-workshop ***** *Izinga elivumelekile lingu-30mg/m3. Igesi ye-ammonia evuzayo ingabangela ubuthi, ukucasuka emehlweni, emaphashini, noma esikhumbeni, futhi kunengozi yokusha kwamakhemikhali abandayo.
Ukuhlaziywa kwengozi yenqubo yokukhiqiza nokusebenza
1. Ukulawulwa kwezinga le-ammonia
Uma izinga lokukhishwa kwe-ammonia lishesha kakhulu, ukulawula ukusebenza kwezinga loketshezi kuphansi kakhulu, noma okunye ukwehluleka kokulawula izinsimbi, njll., igesi yokwenziwa enomfutho ophezulu izophuma iye ethangini lokugcina i-ammonia eliwuketshezi, okuholela ekucindezelekeni ngokweqile ethangini lokugcina kanye nokuvuza okukhulu kwe-ammonia, okuyingozi kakhulu. Ukulawulwa kwezinga le-ammonia kubaluleke kakhulu.
2. Umthamo wesitoreji
Umthamo wokugcina wethangi lokugcina i-ammonia ewuketshezi udlula u-85% womthamo wethangi lokugcina, kanti ingcindezi idlula ububanzi benkomba yokulawula noma umsebenzi wenziwa ethangini eliguquliwe le-ammonia ewuketshezi. Uma izinqubo nezinyathelo zingalandelwa ngokuqinile emithethweni yokusebenza, kuzokwenzeka ukuvuza okungaphezulu kokucindezela***** *ingozi.
3. Ukugcwaliswa kwe-ammonia okuwuketshezi
Uma i-ammonia ewuketshezi igcwalisiwe, ukugcwalisa ngokweqile akwenziwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho, futhi ukuqhunyiswa kwepayipi lokugcwalisa kuzobangela ukuvuza kanye nezingozi zobuthi.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezingozi zemishini nezindawo
1. Umklamo, ukuhlolwa, kanye nokugcinwa kwamatangi okugcina i-ammonia ewuketshezi awekho noma awakho endaweni yawo, kanti izesekeli zokuphepha ezifana nama-level gauges, ama-pressure gauges, nama-valve okuphepha anephutha noma afihliwe, okungaholela ezingozini zokuvuza kwethangi.
2. Ehlobo noma lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu, ithangi lokugcina i-ammonia eliwuketshezi alinazo izitezi, amanzi okupholisa aqinile kanye nezinye izinsiza zokuvimbela njengoba kudingeka, okuzobangela ukuvuza ngokweqile kwethangi lokugcina.
3. Ukulimala noma ukwehluleka kokuvikela umbani kanye nezindawo ezivimbela ukunyakaza noma ukumiswa komhlabathi kungabangela ukushaqeka kukagesi ethangini lokugcina izinto.
4. Ukwehluleka kwama-alamu enqubo yokukhiqiza, ama-interlocks, ukukhululeka kwengcindezi ephuthumayo, ama-alamu egesi avuthayo nanobuthi kanye namanye amadivayisi kuzobangela izingozi zokuvuza ngokweqile noma ukwandiswa kwethangi lokugcina.
Izindlela zokuvimbela izingozi
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukusebenza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza
1. Sebenzisa ngokuqinile izinqubo zokusebenza
Qaphela ukusebenza kokukhipha i-ammonia ezinsikeni zokwenziwa, lawula izinga loketshezi lokuhlukaniswa okubandayo kanye ne-ammonia, gcina izinga loketshezi lizinzile ngaphakathi kwebanga eliyi-1/3 kuya ku-2/3, futhi uvimbele izinga loketshezi ukuthi lingabi phansi kakhulu noma liphezulu kakhulu.
2. Lawula ngokuqinile ingcindezi yethangi lokugcina i-ammonia eliwuketshezi
Umthamo wokugcina we-ammonia ewuketshezi akumele udlule u-85% womthamo wethangi lokugcina. Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa okuvamile, ithangi lokugcina i-ammonia ewuketshezi kufanele lilawulwe ezingeni eliphansi, ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kuka-30% womthamo wokugcwalisa ophephile, ukuze kugwenywe ukugcinwa kwe-ammonia ngenxa yokushisa okuzungezile. Ukwanda kokwanda kanye nokwanda kwengcindezi kuzobangela ukucindezeleka ngokweqile ethangini lokugcina.
3. Izinyathelo zokuphepha zokugcwalisa i-ammonia ewuketshezi
Abasebenzi abafaka i-ammonia kufanele baphumelele imfundo nokuqeqeshwa kokuphepha kochwepheshe ngaphambi kokuba baqale ukusebenza. Kufanele bajwayelane nokusebenza, izici, izindlela zokusebenza, isakhiwo sezesekeli, isimiso sokusebenza, izici eziyingozi ze-ammonia ewuketshezi kanye nezinyathelo zokwelapha eziphuthumayo.
Ngaphambi kokugcwalisa, ukusebenza kwezitifiketi ezifana nokuqinisekiswa kokuhlolwa kwethangi, ilayisense yokusebenzisa ithangi, ilayisense yokushayela, isitifiketi sokuphelezela, kanye nemvume yokuhamba kufanele kuqinisekiswe. Izesekeli zokuphepha kufanele zibe ziphelele futhi zizwele, futhi ukuhlolwa kufanele kuqinisekiswe; ingcindezi ethangini ngaphambi kokugcwalisa kufanele ibe phansi. Ngaphansi kwe-0.05 MPa; ukusebenza kwepayipi lokuxhuma i-ammonia kufanele kuhlolwe.
Abasebenzi abafaka i-ammonia kufanele balandele ngokuqinile izinqubo zokusebenza kwethangi lokugcina i-ammonia eliwuketshezi, futhi banake ivolumu yokugcwalisa engadluli u-85% wevolumu yethangi lokugcina lapho begcwalisa.
Abasebenzi abafaka i-ammonia kumele bagqoke izifihla-buso zegesi namagilavu okuzivikela; indawo kufanele ifakwe imishini yokulwa nomlilo kanye neyokuvikela igesi; ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa, akumelwe baphume endaweni, futhi baqinise ukuhlolwa komfutho weloli lethangi, ama-flange amapayipi ukuze kutholakale ukuvuza, njll., igesi yeloli lethangi. Yisebenzise kabusha ohlelweni ngokufanele futhi ungayikhiphi ngokuthanda kwayo. Uma kukhona isimo esingavamile njengokuvuza, yeka ukugcwalisa ngokushesha, bese uthatha izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokuvimbela izingozi ezingalindelekile.
Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwezindawo zokufaka i-ammonia, izinyathelo kanye nezinqubo kufanele kwenziwe nsuku zonke, futhi kufanele kwenziwe amarekhodi okuhlola nokugcwalisa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-31-2021
